Alarm and status conditions reporting

Overview

Alcatel-Lucent 1665 DMX continuously monitors its internal condition and incoming signals according to the state of the tributaries and ports.

Fault detection

If a port or tributary is in the IS (in service) state, Alcatel-Lucent 1665 DMX monitors the port/tributary and activates the appropriate indicators when a failure occurs. Refer to Chapter 2, Alarm list for a complete list of alarms and status conditions.

Table 4-1: Monitored and detected incoming signal failure conditions

Incoming Signals	Monitored/Detected Failures
DS1¹	inc. (from DSX) DS1 AIS inc. (from DSX) DS1 LOF inc. (from DSX) DS1 LOS inc. (from DSX) DS1 RAI inc. (from DSX) DS1 sig. failed (BER) inc. (from fiber) DS1 AIS inc. (from fiber) DS1 LOF inc. (from fiber) DS1 RAI
DS1 sync. ref.	inc. DS1 sync. ref. AIS inc. DS1 sync. ref. BER inc. DS1 sync. ref. EOOF inc. DS1 sync. ref. LOF inc. DS1 sync. ref. LOS inc. DS1 sync. ref. OOL
DS3²	inc. (from DSX) DS3 AIS inc. (from DSX) DS3 IDLE inc. (from DSX) DS3 LOF inc. (from DSX) DS3 LOS inc. (from DSX) DS3 RAI inc. (from DSX) DS3 sig. failed (BER) inc. (from fiber) DS3 AIS inc. (from fiber) DS3 LOF inc. (from fiber) DS3 RAI inc. DS3 CBit Mismatch
E1	inc. (from DSX) E1 AIS inc. (from DSX) E1 LOF inc. (from DSX) E1 LOS inc. (from DSX) E1 sig. failed (BER) incoming CRC-4 MFA mismatch
E1 sync. ref.	inc. E1 sync. ref. AIS inc. E1 sync. ref. BER inc. E1 sync. ref. CRC-4 MFA mismatch inc. E1 sync. ref. LOF inc. E1 sync. ref. LOS inc. E1 sync. ref. OOL
EC-1	inc. EC1 line AIS inc. EC1 LOF inc. EC1 LOS inc. EC1 RFI-L inc. EC1 sig. failed (BER) inc. EC1 sig. degrade (BER) inc. STS LOP
Fast Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet	inc. FELAN ANM inc. FELAN FEFI inc. FELAN LOS inc. GELAN ANM inc. GELAN LOS
Data	inc. LOS inc. Loss of Synch
OC-3 OC-12 OC-48 OC-192	inc. OCN line AIS inc. OCN LOF inc. OCN LOS inc. OCN RFI-L inc. OCN sig. degrade (BER) inc. OCN sig. failed (BER)
OC-N sync. ref.	inc. line sync. ref. OOL
OCH	inc. MUX OCH LOS-P
ODU2	inc. ODU2 BDI inc. ODU2 DEG inc. ODU2 LCK inc. ODU2 OCI inc. ODU2 SSF
OTS	inc. OTS LOS-P
OTU2	inc. OTU2 BDI inc. OTU2 DEG inc. OTU2 LOF inc. OTU2 LOM inc. OTU2 LOS-P inc. OTU2 SSF
STS-1 STS-3c STS-12c STS-48c STS-192c	inc. STSN AIS inc. STSN LOP inc. STSN RFI-P inc. STSN sig. degrade (BER) inc. STSN sig. failed (BER) inc. STSN unequipped
VCG	inc. VCG failed inc. VCG LFD inc. VCG LOA
VC-12	inc. VC TU-AIS inc. VC TU-LOP inc. VC LP-RFI inc. VC unequipped
VT1.5	inc. VT AIS inc. VT LOP inc. VT RFI-V inc. VT sig. degrade (BER) inc. VT unequipped

Notes:

The BER thresholds for DS1 are based on bipolar 8-zero substitution (B8ZS) or alternate mark inversion (AMI) violations depending on line coding.
The BER thresholds for DS3 are based on bipolar 3-zero substitution (B3ZS) coding violations.

Fault isolation

When a failure is detected, Alcatel-Lucent 1665 DMX employs automatic diagnostics to isolate the failed circuit pack or signal. Most failures are isolated to an incoming signal failure (inc. sig. failed) or to a single circuit pack, but some failures may be isolated to more than one circuit pack. Failures are reported to the local technician and operations systems so that repair decisions can be made. If desired, operations system personnel and the local technician can use the WaveStar^® CIT to gain more detailed information on the trouble condition.

Fault reporting

All failures detected and isolated by Alcatel-Lucent 1665 DMX are stored and made available to be reported, on demand, through the WaveStar^® CIT. In addition, a history of the past 12000 notifications is maintained and available for on-demand reporting. Each alarm notification is date and time stamped.

If the diagnostic determines that a circuit pack has failed, the red FAULT LED on that circuit pack is turned on. If the diagnostic determines that a pluggable transmission module has failed, the port LED associated with the pluggable transmission module is turned on.

If an incoming electrical/optical signal fails, the red FAULT LED on the affected circuit pack flashes on and off in one-second intervals. If the circuit pack is equipped with pluggable transmission modules, the port LED associated with the pluggable transmission module flashes on and off in one-second intervals.

Alcatel-Lucent 1665 DMX provides alarm-generate delays and alarm-clear delays. The alarm-generate delay is the time in seconds that the system waits before reporting an incoming signal alarm condition. This prevents transient failures from causing unnecessary maintenance activity. The office alarms are not activated, and the operating systems (OSs) are not notified until a failure lasts at least as long as the alarm-generate delay.

The alarm-clear delay is the time in seconds that the system waits before reporting an equipment alarm condition is cleared. Signal failures have a fixed 10-second delay. Alarm-clear delays prevent premature clearing of alarms. Alarm indications are not cleared until a fault condition has been clear for at least as long as the alarm-clear delay.

Service affecting (SA) vs. non-service affecting (NSA)

Alcatel-Lucent 1665 DMX declares an alarm service affecting (SA) or non-service affecting (NSA) based on protection switch status, cross-connection status, and entity states. A condition is declared NSA (non-service affecting) if the system is successfully providing protection switching in response to the condition, or if the failed entity (circuit pack or signal) is in the standby (not active) state. If protection switching is not successful, or if the entity is unprotected, the condition is declared SA (service affecting).

Alarm masking

Alcatel-Lucent 1665 DMX automatically masks (suppresses the reporting of) secondary or consequential conditions, allowing the operator to quickly identify the root cause of a problem and the services that are affected.

To minimize the number of alarm conditions reported by an NE, related alarms/status conditions are arranged in hierarchical groups. When more than one alarm or status condition in a hierarchical group exists in a single NE, only the top level condition in that hierarchy is reported.

Pre-existing lower-level alarms within a hierarchical group are masked (cleared from the alarm list) when a higher level alarm is detected and reported.