This section lists and describes terms related to performance monitoring and performance monitoring reports for Alcatel-Lucent 1850 TSS-5.
Proactive maintenance is corrective action, taken to correct degrading conditions before they result in complete failure that interrupts service. The conditions associated with SONET/SDH sections, lines and paths within the SONET/SDH network can be monitored for this purpose using the performance monitoring parameters that are available with Alcatel-Lucent 1850 TSS-5.
Reactive maintenance is the response to the failure of a transmission line or path that completely interrupts service. Alcatel-Lucent 1850 TSS-5 provides alarm indications that can indicate this type of failure.
Performance is monitored for SONET/SDH/PDH operations by observing the number of errors or violations that occur for line or path parameters. This information is accumulated and stored the current 15-minute and 24-hour registers. A second 24-hour register maintains the number of errors recorded during the previous 24 hours. For the VLNC50/52/55, VLNC35, and VLNC2, the number of errors accumulated during the previous 8 hours are maintained in 31 additional 15-minute registers. For the VLNC40, VLNC42/42B, VLNC60, VLNC61, VLNC62, and VLNC64, the number of errors accumulated during the previous 24 hours are maintained in 95 additional 15-minute registers.
Tariffed service verification consists of monitoring performance parameters that can be associated with the customer's end-to-end service. Alcatel-Lucent 1850 TSS-5 provides this capability for DS1 services with the DS1 performance monitoring feature. Based on ANSI T1.403, Alcatel-Lucent 1850 TSS-5 provides both Superframe Format (SF) and extended superframe format (ESF). With the SF format the F-bits are used for framing only and near-end PM is provided. With ESF format, the F-bits and the extended super format are used. The ESF format retrieves performance messages written into the ESF data link by the customer's terminal equipment. From these ESF messages, the Alcatel-Lucent 1850 TSS-5 can determine and report near-end and far-end error performance of the entire DS1 link. Thresholds are set for DS1 PM parameters. Reports of thresholds being exceeded can be used to indicate degraded performance. The number of threshold crossing occurrences are retrieved by the message-based operations system to determine if the service is operating within tariffed limits.
Alcatel-Lucent 1850 TSS-5 provides DS3 performance monitoring with three DS3 path PM options: P-bit (parity bit), adjusted F&M bit (frame and multi-frame bit), and C-bit.
When FMT is set to P-bit, P-bit errors are used as the basis for determining code violation counts. When provisioned for P-bit, the system calculates and provides counts of DS3 P-bit coding violations (CV), errored seconds (ES), and unavailable seconds (UAS) incoming from the fiber. Quarter-hour and day registers are provided with provisionable threshold crossing alerts (TCAs) on a per-shelf basis. Severely errored frame seconds (SEFS) are also monitored.
Because P-bits can be corrected at nodes provisioned for VMR along a DS3 path, the DS3 P-bit PM data may not provide a complete report of the end-to-end DS3 path errors.
When FMT is set to FM-bit, F & M bits are used as the basis for determining code violation counts. Adjusted F&M bit performance monitoring provides an alternative method for determining and accumulating DS3 path performance data based on an error estimation technique using errors on the F&M framing bits to approximate the actual error counts in the DS3 path payload. F&M bits are not corrected at nodes provisioned for VMR along a DS3 path. When provisioned for adjusted F&M bit, the system calculates and provides estimated counts of DS3 adjusted F&M bit coding violations (CV), errored seconds (ES), severely errored seconds (SES), and unavailable seconds (UAS) incoming from the fiber.
Quarter-hour and current day registers are provided with provisionable threshold crossing alerts (TCAs) on a per-shelf basis. Severely errored frame/AIS seconds (SAS-P) are also monitored.
When FMT is set to cbit, C-bit errors are used as the basis for determining code violation counts.
The system provides counts of DS3 C-Bit parity coding violations (CV-P), errored seconds (ES-P), severely errored seconds (SES-P), and unavailable seconds (UAS-P) incoming from the DSX-3 and the fiber. The type of performance monitoring is provisioned per DS3 service by a CIT command.
For C-bit PM, the DS3 service can be provisioned in violation monitor (VM) or violation monitor and removal (VMR) modes. In VM mode, the C-bit errors are not corrected as in the P-bit option.
Quarter-hour and day registers are provided with provisionable threshold crossing alerts (TCAs). The TCAs are provisionable on a per-shelf basis. Severely errored frame seconds (SEFS) counts are also provided.
No Far-End PM parameters are defined for the Section layer. The system, as it receives SONET/PDH signals, terminates the SONET/PDH Section and Line layers and therefore is involved with Section layer PM. Section layer PM applies to optical and electrical SONET/PDH interfaces. It also applies to service and protection sections of optical sections.
A SONET/PDH line is a physical transport vehicle that provides the means of moving digital information between two points in a network. The line is characterized by a transmission medium and its specific coding type. A line is bounded by its two end points, known as line terminations. A line termination is the point where the bipolar line signal is generated and transmitted, or received and decoded.
A multiplex section is a physical transport link that moves digital information between two cross-connect points in an SDH network. A multiplex section is bounded by two end points, where the electrical or optical signal is cross-connected and transmitted, or received. A multiplex section supporting SDH operation, can be an STM-1 or STM-4 facility. The multiplex section (MS) parameters of Alcatel-Lucent 1850 TSS-5 are used to monitor the performance of lines that support SDH operation, to determine their health.
A regenerator section is a physical transport link that moves digital information between two successive SDH network elements that perform signal regenerator. A regenerator section can be between two regenerators, a multiplexer and a regenerator, or between two multiplexers, when no intermediate regenerators are required. The regenerator layer is managed using the RSOH (regenerator Section Overhead) bytes of the STM-n frame to give warnings of errors and alarms. A regenerator section supporting SDH operation, can be an STM-1 or STM-4 facility. The regenerator section (RS) parameters of Alcatel-Lucent 1850 TSS-5 are used to monitor the performance of lines that support SDH operation, to determine their health.
A path is a framed stream between two points in a SONET or SDH network at a specified rate, independent of the equipment and media providing the physical transport. A path is defined by its two end points, called path terminations, where its frame structure is generated and decoded. A path may be switched and carried over multiple lines segments of different bandwidths, as long as the line segments can accommodate the bandwidth specified for the path. For Alcatel-Lucent 1850 TSS-5 that are equipped with VLNC2 and VLNC50/52/55 circuit packs, the path parameters are used to monitor the performance of a path to determine its health.
Alcatel-Lucent 1850 TSS-5 provides PM capabilities Ethernet interfaces. For the Gigabit Ethernet interface on the VLNC50/52/55 circuit pack and the Fast Ethernet interfaces on the VLNC35 circuit pack, PM data is collected at the interface for both incoming and outgoing directions. The interface provides a connection to a SONET/SDH Virtual Concatenation Group (VCG). The performance of the Ethernet interfaces supported by the VLNC40/VLNC42/VLNC42B/VLNC60/VLNC61/VLNC62/VLNC64 circuit packs is monitored using SNMP traps.
Thresholds can be set for the number of errors or violations that occur for SONET section and line, SDH regenerator section and multiplex section, Ethernet, and PDH (DS1, E1, DS3) line or path parameters in a 15 minute or 24 hour period. When a 15 minute or 24 hour threshold is exceeded, or crossed, a Threshold Crossing Alert (TCA) occurs.
Threshold crossing alerts are clearly identified and the time the performance registers were last initialized is also shown. Any registers that may have been affected by this initialization are marked. There are separate reports for section, line, and path parameters, as well as Ethernet parameters.
For the VLNC50/52/55 and VLNC35 circuit packs, line and path TCA reporting may be enabled or disabled using the TL1 TCAMD parameter, or through the GUI interface provided by WaveStar® CIT software. For the VLNC40/VLNC42/VLNC42B/VLNC60/VLNC61/VLNC62/VLNC64 circuit packs, retrievable PM data is accumulated and reported according to SNMP PM objects, that are returned in SNMP tables and MIBs. Threshold reporting is provisionable, individually, at the port, line, or path level, and for Ethernet interfaces.
Digital Diagnostic Monitoring is implemented on all optical TDM and Ethernet pluggable transmission modules (PTMs) on VLNC33, VLNC4x, VLNC5x, and VLNC6x circuit packs.
Important!
Electrical pluggable transmission modules do not support Digital Diagnostics Monitoring and none of the DDM status parameters are displayed for electrical PTMs.
The following DDM monitoring parameters are displayed, if available.
Laser Bias Current (milliamperes)
Optical Power - Receive (dBm)
Optical Power - Transmit (dBm)
Temperature (Celsius)
Calibration (interpretation of the raw DDM data stored on pluggable transmission module)
Power Supply Voltage (Volts)
The new CLI command show ddm { <port-number> | all} is available to report the values of the DDM parameters on the EEPROM of PTMs. The command is used in the Global Config Mode
Optical Receive Power Degrade defect, also referred to as DDM-SD, is reported on VLNC42B PTMs and it is used as a trigger for T-MPLS protection switching. The signal degrade (low) defect is declared and alarm is generated and sent to the WebGUI and SNMP when the receive optical power of the PTM module is lower than the pre-set threshold. The thresholds are determined as follows: Optical receive power Lower Alarm Threshold = EOL minimum optical sensitivity input power − accuracy allowance. The alarm is cleared when the measured received power is +3 dB above the threshold.
For VLNC5x circuit packs, the DDM parameters are reported via a new TL1 command RTRV-DDM .
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