Operate and maintain
Documents under this category provide functional descriptions and procedures for configuring, operating, and maintaining 7450 ESS, 7750 SR, 7950 XRS, and VSR routers.
- Advanced Configuration Guides
- Basic System Configuration Guide
  This guide describes file system management, boot option file (BOF) configuration, basic system management configuration, node timing, and synchronization functions.
- BNG CUPS User Plane Function Guide
  This guide describes all aspects related to a Nokia SR OS BNG CUPS User Plane Function (UPF) in a BNG CUPS system.
- BNG CUPS MAG-c documentation
- Interface Configuration Guide
  This guide describes how to provision Input/Output Modules (IOMs), XMA Control Modules (XCMs), Media Dependent Adapters (MDAs), XRS Media Adapters (XMAs), connectors, and ports.
- Layer 2 Services and EVPN Guide
  This guide describes Layer 2 service and Ethernet Virtual Private Network (EVPN) functionality and provides examples to configure and implement Virtual Leased Lines (VLLs), Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS), Provider Backbone Bridging (PBB), and EVPN.
- Layer 3 Services Guide: IES and VPRN
  This guide describes Layer 3 service functionality and provides examples to configure and implement Internet Enhanced Services (IES) and Virtual Private Routed Network (VPRN) services.
- MD-CLI User Guide
  This guide provides information about how to use the MD-CLI.
- MPLS Guide
  This guide provides an overview of Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS), Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP), and Label Distribution Protocol (LDP) and provides configuration examples.
- MS-ISA and ESA Guide
  This guide provides an overview of services provided by integrated service adapters and extended service appliances, such as Application Assurance, IPsec, ad insertion (ADI), and Network Address Translation (NAT), and provides configuration examples.
- Multicast Routing Protocols Guide
  This guide provides an overview of multicast routing concepts and provides configuration examples for Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP), Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD), Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM), Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP), Multipoint LDP, multicast extensions to BGP, and Multicast Connection Admission Control (MCAC).
- Peering Quick Reference Guide
  This guide provides example configuration for a peering router.
- Quality of Service Guide
  This guide provides an overview of Quality of Service (QoS) policy management and provides configuration examples.
- Router Configuration Guide
  This guide dscribes logical IP routing interfaces and associated attributes such as IP addresses, as well as IP and MAC-based filtering, Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP), and cflowd.
- Security Guide
- Segment Routing and PCE User Guide
  This guide provides an overview of segment routing features with MPLS (SR-MPLS) and IPv6 (SRv6) data path encapsulations and path computation element (PCE) features.
- Services Overview Guide
  This guide provides a general overview of functionality provided by the routers and describes how to configure service parameters such as Service Access Points (SAPs), Service Distribution Points (SDPs), customer information, and user services.
- System Management Guide
  This guide describes system security features, SNMP and NETCONF features, and event and accounting logs; the guide also covers basic tasks such as configuring management access filters, passwords, and user profiles.
- TPSDA Guide
  This guide describes the Triple Play Service Delivery Architecture (TPSDA) support and provides examples to configure and implement various protocols and services.
- Unicast Routing Protocols Guide
  This guide provides an overview of unicast routing concepts and provides configuration examples for Routing Information Protocol (RIP), Open Shortest Path First (OSPF), Intermediate-system-to-intermediate-system (IS-IS), and Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) routing protocols; also provides an overview of route policies and configuration examples.

Multicast extensions to BGP

This section describes the implementation of extensions to MBGP to support multicast. Instead of assuming that all unicast routes are multicast-capable, some routed environments, in some cases, some ISPs do not support or have limited support for multicast throughout their AS.

BGP is capable of supporting two sets of routing information, one set for unicast routing and the other for multicast routing. The unicast and multicast routing sets either partially or fully overlay one another. To achieve this, BGP has added support for IPv4 and mcast-IPv4 address families. Routing policies can be imported or exported.

The multicast routing information can subsequently be used by the Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) protocol to perform its Reverse Path Forwarding (RPF) lookups for multicast-capable sources. Thus, multicast traffic can only be routed across a multicast topology and not a unicast topology.

MBGP multicast topology support

This section describes the implementation of MBGP to support multicast topologies.

Recursive lookup for BGP next hops

The next hop for multicast RPF routes learned by MBGP is not always the address of a directly-connected neighbor. For unicast routing, a router resolves the directly-connected next-hop by repeating the IGP routes. For multicast RPF routes, there are different ways to find the real next-hops:

Scanning to see if a route encompasses the BGP next hop. If one exists, this route is used. If not, the tables are scanned for the best matching route.
Checking to see if the recursed next hop is taken from the protocol routing table with the lowest administrative distance (protocol preference). This means that the operating system algorithm must perform multiple lookups in the order of the lowest admin distance. Unlike recursion on the unicast routing table, the longest prefix match rule does not take effect; protocol preference is considered before prefix length. For example, the route 10.0.0.0/14 learned via MBGP is selected over the route 10.0.0.0/16 learned via BGP.

March 15, 2024