Installing software

This chapter describes software installation tasks. Software installation topics include:

Hardware overview

SR Linux can be installed on the 7250 IXR, 7220 IXR-D, 7220 IXR-DL, and 7220 IXR-H series systems. There are multiple chassis variants of each system type. In the sections that follow, installation procedures reference the system types collectively. Software installations can be performed on each chassis variant.

The following systems are referred to collectively as 7250 IXR systems:

  • 7250 IXR-6
  • 7250 IXR-6e
  • 7250 IXR-10
  • 7250 IXR-10e

The 7250 IXR-X series includes the 7250 IXR-X3b platform.

The following systems are referred to collectively as 7220 IXR-D systems:

  • 7220 IXR-D1
  • 7220 IXR-D2
  • 7220 IXR-D3
  • 7220 IXR-D4
  • 7220 IXR-D5

The following systems are referred to collectively as 7220 IXR-DL systems:

  • 7220 IXR-D2L
  • 7220 IXR-D3L

The following systems are referred to collectively as 7220 IXR-H systems:

  • 7220 IXR-H2
  • 7220 IXR-H3
  • 7220 IXR-H4

For information about each chassis, see the SR Linux Product Overview.

Each router series also has a dedicated installation guide containing complete specifications, recommendations for preparing the installation site, and procedures to install and ground the routers. See the respective chassis installation guides listed in the SR Linux Product Overview for more information.

Installation overview

SR Linux can be installed on the 7250 IXR, 7250 IXR-X, 7220 IXR-D, 7220 IXR-DL, and 7220 IXR-H series systems.

Installations can be completed using the CLI. To perform either an initial imaging, reinstallation, or an upgrade or downgrade of a system, the operation requires pushing the new image to the device, changing the boot configuration, and rebooting.

In the installation procedure examples, commands preceded by $ require root privilege. Commands preceded by # should be executed from a bash shell.

The basic installation actions performed on the system do not change, regardless of the method used to install the SR Linux (either using the CLI or manually), but the CLI method is dependent on having a working system whereas the manual method is not.

Software image contents

The software image is a set of files provided as part of an SR Linux distribution. The files contained in an image are:

squashfs
Contains the SR Linux root file system, including any needed binaries for system operation.
initramfs (or initrd)
Contains an initial file system that is used to make the hardware operational before unpacking the SR Linux squashfs into memory, then switching the root file system to it.
kernel (or vmlinuz)
The Linux kernel is the initial program executed by the boot loader. The kernel handles all interactions between the OS and hardware.

To perform an installation, you must have an SR Linux image, which is a bin containing these files, along with some other files used for operations and maintenance (for example, YANG models and SNMP MIBs).

Installation concepts

On a 7250 IXR system, SR Linux boots from an internal SD card. On a 7250 IXR-X, 7220 IXR-D, 7220 IXR-DL, or 7220 IXR-H system, SR Linux boots from an internal SSD. No other boot devices may be used with the system.

The internal SD or SSD contains:

  • a EFI system partition containing the EFI boot loader chain
  • a partition used for SR Linux images
  • two overlay partitions used for persistent storage

Installations can be performed manually without using the CLI. The process may also require partitioning an SD card external to the system, the EFI boot loader chain, and copying the SR Linux image to the device. Use of the manual method requires advanced knowledge of Linux commands, including disk formatting, copying files, unpacking compressed images, and editing of text files. Basic knowledge of editing text files in Linux is mandatory. The manual method requires a Linux server, with an empty SD card mounted (or use of a USB-SD card adapter).

Performing software upgrades

This section describes methods to upgrade the software using the CLI. They require a working system, with SR Linux operational and the CLI available.

Software upgrade options include:

  • Software upgrade using a tools command

    Upgrades and deploys the software using the tools system deploy-image command. This method is supported on all 7250 IXR, 7250 IXR-X, 7220 IXR-D, 7220 IXR-DL, and 7220 IXR-H systems.

  • Software upgrade from the bash shell

    Upgrades the software from the bash shell using the CLI. This method is supported on all 7250 IXR, 7250 IXR-X, 7220 IXR-D, 7220 IXR-DL, and 7220 IXR-H systems.

  • In-service software upgrade

    Upgrades software across maintenance releases within the same major release (in conjunction with a warm reboot). This method is supported on 7220 IXR-D2 and D3 systems and 7220 IXR-D2L and D3L systems only.

Software upgrade using a tools command

You can upgrade and deploy a new software image using the tools system deploy-image command in the CLI. With this command, there are two methods you can use to deploy an image. You can choose to deploy using an HTTP/HTTPS link to the software, or you can copy the image bin file onto the system, then deploy it.

Run the tools system deploy-image command with or without a reboot option. The reboot option deploys the image and reboots the system automatically to bring up the specified image. If the reboot option is not added, the image is only deployed. To then perform the upgrade, the system must be rebooted separately using the tools platform chassis reboot command.

Software upgrade using a HTTP/HTTPS link

Deploy the image using an HTTP/HTTPS link to the software image.

The image download is insecure by default with cert verification disabled. Use the tools system deploy-image <http link to bin file> reboot command, where the <http link to bin file> links to the image.

Following the upgrade, the upgraded configuration is not saved automatically to be the startup configuration. See the "Configuration upgrades" section in the SR Linux Configuration Basics Guide for information about how to persist the upgraded configuration to disk.

Upgrade using a HTTP/HTTPS link

In the following example, the reboot option is not used. After the image is deployed, the system must be rebooted separately.

# tools system deploy-image https://username:password@example.com/repository/srlinux-os/21.3.0/srlinux-21.3.0-384.bin
Downloading with the srbase-mgmt namespace. Connection timeout: 5 seconds
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100  782M    0  782M    0     0  99.9M      0 --:--:--  0:00:07 --:--:--  101M
Deploying SRL image version 21.3.0-384
2021:03:15 21:51:46:10 | EVENT | Version of new image 21.3.0-384
2021:03:15 21:51:46:10 | EVENT | Current version: 21.3.0-377, New version: 21.3.0-384
2021:03:15 21:52:21:10 | EVENT | Invoked sync call. It may take few seconds to complete.
2021:03:15 21:52:30:15 | EVENT | Syncing image with standby
Successfully deployed SRL image version 21.3.0-384

Software upgrade using the image bin file

Copy the image bin file onto the system, then use the deploy-image command after the bin file is uploaded.

Use the tools system deploy-image <absolute path to bin file> reboot command, where <absolute path to bin file> specifies the location of the bin.

Following the upgrade, the upgraded configuration is not saved automatically to be the startup configuration. See the "Configuration upgrades" section in the SR Linux Configuration Basics Guide for information about how to persist the upgraded configuration to disk.

Upgrade using a bin file location

In the following example, the reboot option is used. After the image is deployed, the system reboots automatically to bring up the image. 

# tools system deploy-image /tmp/srlinux-21.3.0-382.bin reboot
Deploying SRL image version 21.3.0-382
2021:03:16 21:08:17:57 | EVENT | Version of new image 21.3.0-382
2021:03:16 21:08:17:58 | EVENT | Current version: 21.3.0-388, New version: 21.3.0-382
2021:03:16 21:08:53:77 | EVENT | Invoked sync call. It may take few seconds to complete.
2021:03:16 21:09:01:73 | EVENT | Syncing image with standby
Successfully deployed SRL image version 21.3.0-382
--{ candidate shared default }--[  ]--
# 2021:03:16 21:10:27:17 | EVENT | Linux sync call executing
2021:03:16 21:10:27:21 | EVENT | Umount /dev/sdb1
2021:03:16 21:10:27:23 | EVENT | Umount /dev/sdb2
2021:03:16 21:10:27:26 | EVENT | sr_cli chassis reboot force requested.
21-03-16 14:10:28.472 sr_device_mgr: Chassis reboot force requested - rebooting
21-03-16 14:10:36.079 sr_device_mgr: Rebooting - chassis reboot requested

Software upgrade from the bash shell

This procedure upgrades the software from the bash shell using the CLI.

  1. Copy the SR Linux image to a location that the system being installed has access to, either to a USB or SD card, or somewhere on the network (assuming that the system being installed has access to the server). Enter:
    # cp <path-to-srlinux-image-bin> <destination-directory>
    # cp SRLinux-21.3.0-459.bin /mnt/removable
  2. Log in to the system being upgraded:
    # ssh <user>@<address>
    # ssh linuxadmin@192.168.0.1
  3. Enter the login credentials (when prompted by the system):
    • username: linuxadmin
    • password: NokiaSrl1!
  4. Copy the image to the system. Do either of the following:

    • If not using removable media (USB or SD card), copy the image to the system across the network:

      # sudo ns_exec srbase-mgmt bash

      # sudo scp <user>@<server-with-srlinux-image>:<path-to-srlinux-image-bin> <local-destination>

      Example:

      # sudo ns_exec srbase-mgmt bash
# sudo scp serveruser@192.168.0.2:srlinux-21.3.0-459.bin /local-destination

    • If using removable media (USB or SD card), insert either the USB or SD card into the system and mount it to a temporary directory:

      # sudo mkdir -p /mnt/removable

      # sudo mount <path-to-disk> /mnt/removable

      Example: 

      # sudo mkdir -p /mnt/removable
# sudo mount /dev/sdc1 /mnt/removable
  5. Unpack the SR Linux image to a location that the system being installed has access to, either across the network, or to a USB or SD card that may be inserted into the active control plane module:

    # sudo mkdir -p /mnt/nokiaos/<version>

    # sudo cp <local-destination>/<srlinux-image-file.bin> /tmp/<srlinux-image-file.bin>

    # sudo chmod +x /<tmp>/<srlinux-image-file.bin>

    # sudo /tmp/<srlinux-image-file.bin> --target /mnt/nokiaos/<version> --noexec

    # sudo mkdir -p /mnt/nokiaos/21.3.0-459
# sudo cp /mnt/removable/srlinux-21.3.0-459.bin /tmp/srlinux-21.3.0-459.bin
# sudo chmod +x /tmp/srlinux-21.3.0-459.bin
# sudo /tmp/srlinux-21.3.0-459.bin --target /mnt/nokiaos/21.3.0-459 --noexec
  6. Start an SR Linux CLI session, and retrieve the current version of the software. Multiple images can be shown.

    # info from state system boot image

    # sr_cli
# info from state system boot image
    system {
         boot {
            image [
               21.3.0-449 
               20.6.1-10 
                  ]
              }
           }
    Note: The info from state system boot image output only lists images present in the grub.cfg file. The tools system boot available-images output lists all of the images present in the system.
  7. Print the list of images in the /mnt/nokiaos directory.

    # tools system boot available-images

    # sr_cli
# tools system boot available-images
['21.3.0-449*', 20.6.1-10', '21.3.0-459']
  8. Update the boot image list by reordering the current version behind the new version:

    # tools system boot image [ <version> <old-version> ]

    # tools system boot image [ 21.3.0-459 21.3.0-449 20.6.1-10 ] 
Boot order is updated with ['21.3.0-459', '21.3.0-449', '20.6.1-10']
  9. Reboot the chassis:
    # tools platform chassis reboot
  10. Wait ten minutes, then log in to the device via SSH or console, and confirm the new version.
  11. Following the upgrade, the upgraded configuration is not saved automatically to be the startup configuration. Enter the save startup command to save the configuration as the startup configuration.
    Note: See the "Configuration upgrades" section in the SR Linux Configuration Basics Guide for information about how to save new configuration upgrades.
  12. To avoid stale images in the /tmp location, Nokia recommends that you remove the .bin file manually after the system has successfully rebooted. The following example removes the /tmp/srlinux-21.3.0-459.bin file. 
    # rm -rf /tmp/srlinux-21.3.0-459.bin

In-service software upgrade

This section describes the In-Service Software Upgrade (ISSU) procedures you can use to upgrade the following systems:

  • 7220 IXR-D2
  • 7220 IXR-D3
  • 7220 IXR-D2L
  • 7220 IXR-D3L
Note: An ISSU cannot be used to perform a software downgrade.

Depending on the release version, you can perform either a minor ISSU or major ISSU. A minor ISSU updates software across maintenance releases within the same major release. A major ISSU updates software across major releases within the same release year.

To perform an ISSU, the new target software image is identified, then the upgrade is performed in conjunction with a warm reboot to restart the system. During an ISSU upgrade, SR Linux maintains non-stop forwarding. A warm reboot brings down the control and management planes while the NOS reboots, and graceful restart helpers assist with maintaining the forwarding state in peers. Any control plane or management plane functions are unavailable during a warm reboot, including the refreshing of neighbors, responding to ARP/ND, and any other slow path functions.

Warm reboot leverages control plane functionality to allow remote peers to continue forwarding based on the previously learned state. This process is known as graceful restart, where the remote system is the graceful restart helper, and SR Linux, when undergoing warm reboot, is being helped.

At a high level, the ISSU process requires the following steps. For a detailed ISSU procedure, see Performing an ISSU.

  1. (Recommended) Back up the existing configuration.
  2. Deploy the supported ISSU image using the tools system deploy-image command.
  3. Update the first image in the leaf-list with a supported ISSU image by setting the tools model: tools system boot image.
  4. Ensure the running configuration is saved as the startup configuration.
  5. Perform a reboot warm (with or without force).

Minor ISSU

Beginning in Release R21.6.1, you can perform a minor ISSU to update software across maintenance releases within the same major release. The upgrade does not require a datapath outage. For example, you can perform a minor ISSU in the following minor release versions. The upgrade can only be to a later version of the same minor release (when the later release becomes available).

Table 1. Minor ISSU
Minor release Upgrade to Examples
R21.6.1 R21.6.x R21.6.2, R21.6.3, and so on
R21.11.1 R21.11.x R21.11.2, R21.11.3, and so on
R22.3.1 R22.3.x R22.3.2, R22.3.3, and so on
R22.6.1 R22.6.x R22.6.2, R22.6.3, and so on
R22.11.1 R22.11.x R22.11.2, R22.11.3, and so on
R23.3 R23.3.x R23.3.2, R23.3.3, and so on
R23.7 R23.7.x R23.7.2, R23.7.3, and so on
R23.10 R23.10.x R23.10.2, R23.10.3, and so on
R24.3 R24.3.x R24.3.2, R24.3.3, and so on

Configuration state support

Before performing a warm reboot as the final step of an ISSU, you can first confirm if the current SR Linux configuration and state supports warm reboot (including any destination image checks for ISSU). Use the tools platform chassis reboot warm validate command.

--{ running }--[  ]--
A:# tools platform chassis reboot warm validate
/platform:
    Warm reboot validate requested
 
/:
    Success

If the validation is successful, proceed with the warm reboot.

If a validation is unsuccessful, or if an attempt to perform a warm reboot fails, you can force the warm reboot using the additional force option. A warm reboot may not be successful if, for example, a peer does not support graceful restart. Force the warm reboot using the tools platform chassis reboot warm force command.

An unsuccessful validation or a failed warm reboot attempt cannot be forced using the additional force option in the following cases:

  • The running configuration contains configuration paths that are not supported in ISSU. To complete the ISSU, invalid configuration paths must be removed from the running configuration. See YANG path support.
  • The running configuration has not been saved as startup configuration.
Caution: Forcing a warm reboot may result in a service outage. The force option overrides any warnings, such as peers that are not configured, or peers that do not support graceful restart. 
--{ running }--[  ]--
A:# tools platform chassis reboot warm force
/platform:
    Warm reboot force requested
 
/:
    Success

YANG path support

The following YANG paths must exist in your configuration or via inheritance (if their context is present) for a warm reboot to succeed without an outage:

network-instance protocols bgp graceful-restart warm-reboot admin-state enable
network-instance protocols bgp group graceful-restart warm-reboot admin-state enable
network-instance protocols bgp neighbor graceful-restart warm-reboot admin-state enable

The following YANG paths must not exist in a configuration for a warm reboot to succeed without an outage:

interface hold-time
interface lag
interface sflow
interface subinterface local-mirror-destination
interface subinterface ipv4 arp evpn
interface subinterface ipv6 neighbor-discovery evpn
interface subinterface type local-mirror-dest
network-instance protocols bgp evpn
network-instance protocols bgp group evpn
network-instance protocols bgp neighbor evpn
network-instance protocols bgp-evpn
network-instance protocols isis
network-instance protocols ospf
network-instance vxlan-interface
platform resource-management unified-forwarding-resources
system mirroring
system network-instance protocols evpn
system sflow
tunnel-interface

Performing an ISSU

You can perform an ISSU on 7220 IXR-D2 or D3 systems only. Instead of rebooting the chassis to bring up the new software image, you will perform a warm reboot to conclude the upgrade. During the warm reboot, the system maintains non-stop forwarding.

The warm reboot process requires a minimum 100 MB of free disk space in the file system under /etc/opt/srlinux, excluding the files under the warmboot/ directory. If the disk space is unavailable, the warm reboot will fail.

The examples in this section show an ISSU from SR Linux R21.6.1 to the next available maintenance release.

Note: When the control plane goes down during an ISSU, all SSH sessions are disconnected. Nokia recommends that you perform ISSU via a console session.
Note: Before you perform an ISSU, Nokia recommends you back up your existing configuration.

You can perform an ISSU upgrade in conjunction with the tools system deploy-image command. With this command, you can choose between two methods to deploy an image; you can choose to deploy using an HTTP/HTTPS link to the software, or you can copy the image bin file onto the system, then deploy it.

  1. Using one of the methods described in Software upgrade using a tools command, deploy the new software image with the deploy-image command.
  2. Warm reboot the chassis to begin the upgrade. During the ISSU, the system maintains non-stop forwarding. The control plane goes down.
    # tools platform chassis reboot warm 
    --{ running }--[  ]--
A:# tools platform chassis reboot warm
/platform:
    Warm reboot requested
 
/:
    Success

--{ running }--[  ]--
A:# 
--{ [WARM BOOT] [FACTORY] running }--[  ]--
  3. The control plane comes back up and the SR Linux CLI is available again. Note the [WARM BOOT] indicator is still present in the banner as the upgrade is not yet complete. 
    A:#
--{ [WARM BOOT] [FACTORY] running }--[  ]--
  4. When the warm reboot finishes, the ISSU is complete. The system will accept new configurations. The [WARM BOOT] indicator is no longer present in the banner. 
    A:# 
--{ running }--[  ]--
A:#
Current mode: running
  5. Optionally, you can use the show version command to confirm the new software image is running. 
    A:# show version
Hostname          : 
Chassis Type      : 7220 IXR-D2
Part Number       : Sim Part No.
Serial Number     : Sim Serial No.
System MAC Address: 00:01:01:FF:00:00
Software Version  : v21.6.2-384
Build Number      : 28570-g51d538796f
Architecture      : x86_64
Last Booted       : 2021-06-22T09:08:58.762Z
Total Memory      : 64151761 kB
Free Memory       : 52237679 kB

Performing recovery procedures (applicable only for 7250 IXR systems)

This section describes recovery procedures applicable to 7250 IXR systems.
Note: For recovery procedures on 7250 IXR-X systems, see Performing recovery procedures (applicable only for 7250 IXR-X systems).

Creating a bootable SD card

This section describes methods for creating a bootable SD card containing the SR Linux software image for use on a 7250 IXR system. The supported methods are the following:

Using a downloaded disk image

You can create a bootable SD card containing the SR Linux software image for a 7250 IXR system. This procedure requires a working Linux system running Debian/Ubuntu (Debian version 12 or higher, Ubuntu version 20 or higher) or CentOS (version 7 or higher), with access to an SD card, preferably 16 GB. A USB adapter may be used, because most servers do not have SD card slots. The SD card should be formatted and have no important data present on it. Any data on the card is wiped during the procedure. In the following examples, /dev/sdb is used as the SD card device, and all steps should be completed as a user with root privileges.

WARNING: If used incorrectly, this procedure could be destructive and may render the system creating the SD card inoperable. Verify the correct drive is being used before completing the installation.
  1. Download the SR Linux image from the SR Linux software distribution package to the server being used to prepare the bootable SD card.
  2. Open a terminal and navigate to the directory where you downloaded the SR Linux image.
  3. Extract the image using the following command: 
    gunzip -c srlinux-24.7.1.bin.sdcard-img.gz > srlinux-24.7.1.bin.sdcard-img
  4. Insert the SD card into the system to flash the SR Linux image.

    Ensure the system correctly identifies the SD card because this action is destructive. The exact device path to your SD card depends on your Linux distribution and system setup. In this procedure, the SD card device is detected as /dev/sdb.

    • If an SD card is connected through a USB adapter, the Linux system may identify it as /dev/sdb (with /dev/sda being a boot drive).
    • If an SD card is connected to a device via an SD slot, the Linux system may identify it as /dev/mmcblk0 (or mmcblk1, mmcblk2), depending on which MMC slot is used.
    Note: If the system does not automatically detect the partition path, use the following commands to know the right partition path. 
    df -h
lsblk
    If the correct path is unclear from the output, run the command both with and without the SD card inserted.
  5. Before flashing the SD card, unmount all partition paths. To find the partition path, run the command df -h | grep /dev/sdb and unmount all the partition paths displayed in the output using the following command:
    # umount <dev-path-to-sdcard-partitions>
    # umount /dev/sdbX
  6. Flash the SD card with the SR Linux image file.
    sudo dd if=<machine>.srlinuxsdcard-img of=/dev/sdX bs=4M status=progress

    where machine = the image name for the device and sdX = the USB device name.

    The following is a command execution example on a Debian system.
    sudo dd if=srlinux-24.7.1.bin.sdcard-img of=/dev/sdX bs=4M status=progress
  7. Umount the SD card. For instructions, see step 5. 
    # umount /dev/sdbX
  8. Repeat steps 4 to 7 with another SD card for the standby control plane module (if applicable).

Using another SD card

Using a Linux machine running Debian/Ubuntu (version 12 or higher) or CentOS (version 7 or higher), you can copy an SR Linux image from one SD card to another SD card. You can then use this second SD card to install the SR Linux software image onto a 7250 IXR system.

  1. Insert an SD card containing an SR Linux image into any Linux machine with a supporting SD slot. The SD card device is detected as /dev/sdb in this procedure example.

    Ensure the system correctly identifies the SD card, because this action is destructive. The exact device path to your SD card depends on your Linux distribution and system setup.

    • If an SD card is connected through a USB adapter, the Linux system identifies it as /dev/sdb (with /dev/sda being a boot drive).
    • If an SD card is connected to a device via an SD slot, the Linux system identifies it as /dev/mmcblk0 (or mmcblk1, mmcblk2), depending on which MMC slot is used.
    Note: If the system does not automatically detect the partition path, use the following command to know the right partition path. 
    df -h
    If the correct path is unclear from the output, run the command both with and without the SD card inserted.
  2. When the SD card is detected, copy the SR Linux image to the Linux machine:
    sudo dd if=/dev/sdb of=sd.img status=progress
  3. Remove the SD card from the Linux machine.
  4. Insert the second SD card (to which the image is copied) into the Linux machine.
  5. Copy the SR Linux image from the Linux machine to the second SD card:
    sudo dd if=sd.img of=/dev/sdb status=progress
  6. Remove the second SD card from the Linux machine.
    Insert this SD card into the internal SD card slot of a 7250 IXR system's control plane module. The system powers on with the image.

Using a running SR Linux system

From a 7250 IXR system running SR Linux, you can create a bootable SD card locally on the DUT, which can then be transferred and used in another system.

  1. Log in to the system running SR Linux via a console connection.
  2. Reboot the system and select srlinux-rescue from the image boot menu.
  3. Copy the srlinux-xxx.bin file using SCP.

    To allow this, one of the ports on the system in the rescue image should have management connectivity. If there is no IP assigned to any of the ports automatically, you can add an IP manually using the ifconfig command:

    ifconfig <port> <ip address> netmask <ip address> 

    ifconfig eth4 192.168.255.254 netmask 255.255.255.0
  4. Find the target SD card device.
    In this procedure example, the SD card device is detected as /dev/sdb.
  5. Find the current internal SD card device.
    In this procedure example, the SD card device partition is detected as /dev/sdc1.
  6. Run the following command to flash the SD card device with the srlinux-xxx.bin file:
    bash <srlinux-xxx.bin> -- --dev <target SD device> --no-onie --source-efi <internal SD device> 
    bash srlinux-21.3.0-459.bin -- --dev /dev/sdb --no-onie --source-efi /dev/sdc1
  7. Remove the SD card from the system. Insert it into the internal SD card slot on the control plane module of the system where the software image is to be installed.
  8. Power on the system with the new image.

Performing recovery procedures (applicable only for 7250 IXR-X systems)

7250 IXR-X systems have Secure Boot enabled by default and boot from SSD. Operators can use the recovery image, included in the SR Linux software distribution package to install SR Linux.

This section describes the procedure for creating a recovery SD card containing the SR Linux software recovery image which is used to install the SR Linux 7250 IXR-X system with SSDs.

Note: For recovery procedures on 7250 IXR systems, see Performing recovery procedures (applicable only for 7250 IXR systems).

Creating a recovery SD card

Creating a recovery SD card requires a working Linux system running Debian/Ubuntu (Debian version 12 or higher, Ubuntu version 20 or higher) or CentOS (version 7 or higher) with access to an SD card, preferably 16 GB. The SD card should be formatted and have no important data present on it. Any data on the card is wiped during the procedure.

  1. Download the recovery image from the SR Linux software distribution package to the server being used to prepare the recovery disk.
  2. Open a terminal and navigate to the directory where you downloaded the recovery image.
  3. Extract the image using the following command: 
    gunzip -c srlinux-24.7.1.bin.srlinuxrecoverydisk-img.gz > srlinux-24.7.1.bin.srlinuxrecoverydisk-img
  4. Insert the SD card into the system to flash the recovery image.

    Ensure the system correctly identifies the SD card because this action is destructive. The exact device path to your SD card depends on your Linux distribution and system setup. In this procedure, the SD card device is detected as /dev/sdb.

    • If an SD card is connected through a USB adapter, the Linux system may identify it as /dev/sdb (with /dev/sda being a boot drive).
    • If an SD card is connected to a device via an SD slot, the Linux system may identify it as /dev/mmcblk0 (or mmcblk1, mmcblk2), depending on which MMC slot is used.
    Note: If the system does not automatically detect the partition path, use the following commands to know the right partition path. 
    df -h
lsblk
    If the correct path is unclear from the output, run the command both with and without the SD card inserted.
  5. Before flashing the SD card, unmount all partition paths. To find the partition path, run the command df -h | grep /dev/sdb and unmount all the partition paths displayed in the output using the following command:
    # umount <dev-path-to-sdcard-partitions>
    # umount /dev/sdbX
  6. Flash the SD card with the recovery image file.
    sudo dd if=<machine>.srlinuxrecoverydisk-img of=/dev/sdX bs=4M status=progress

    where machine = the image name for the device and sdX = the USB device name.

    The following is a command execution example on a Debian system.
    sudo dd if=srlinux-24.7.1.bin.srlinuxrecoverydisk-img of=/dev/sdX bs=4M status=progress
  7. Umount the SD card. For instructions, see step 5. 
    # umount /dev/sdbX
  8. Repeat steps 4 to 7 with another SD card for the standby control plane module (if applicable).

SSD boot from a recovery SD card

You can use the recovery SD card containing the SR Linux recovery image for SSD boot on 7250 IXR-X systems.
  1. Place the SD card containing an SR Linux recovery image into the appropriate external SD card slot of a 7250 IXR-X system CPM. For detailed instructions, see the SR Linux 7250 IXR-Xb Chassis Installation Guide.
  2. Connect to the CPM console port and reboot the box while monitoring the console output.
  3. Press the up arrow key when the Nokia banner appears to break into the BIOS boot menu.
  4. Select USB HDD: Generic Ultra HS-COMBO from boot options .
  5. Verify the Grub menu. If you see the following, continue to the next step. Otherwise, reboot into the BIOS menu and repeat step 3. 
    
GNU GRUB version 2.06-13+srl1
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| srlinux-rescue                                                             |
|                                                                            |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
  6. SR Linux rescue automatically runs and installs either srlinux.bin or srldiags.bin from the second partition of the SD card (NOKIA-RECDISK) onto to the 7250 IXR-X system SSD.
  7. The 7250 IXR-X system reboots from SSD with the updated SR Linux image. The SR Linux services and applications are automatically started.
  8. Remove the recovery SD card from the system.

Bootstrapping using ONIE

This section describes ONIE installation procedures applicable to 7220 IXR-D, 7220 IXR-DL, and 7220 IXR-H systems.

Image upgrade from ONIE prompt

If you do not host the SR Linux images from a ZTP server, you must perform a manual bootstrapping to retrieve the image.

Note: ZTP install is not supported when SR Linux services are enabled on the system. If you change back to the ZTP installation method from manual bootstrapping, you must enter the following commands:

systemctl enable ztp /opt/srlinux/systemd/ztp.service

systemctl disable /opt/srlinux/systemd/srlinux.service

  1. In the GRUB selection screen, select ONIE.
  2. From the list of ONIE boot options, select ONIE: OS Install mode.
  3. After the ONIE image boots, the service discovery starts automatically. To stop the service discovery, execute:
    ONIE:/ # onie-stop
  4. Configure the management IP address and the default route to copy the SR Linux image to the 7220 IXR-D, 7220 IXR-DL, or 7220 IXR-H: 
    ONIE:/ #
ONIE:/ # ifconfig eth0 135.227.251.182 netmask 255.255.255.0
ONIE:/ # ip route add 0.0.0.0/0 via 135.227.248.1
IP: RTNETLINK answers: Network is unreachable
ONIE:/ #
  5. Using the SCP command, copy the SR Linux image <version>.bin to the root folder. The "root" user password field is blank.
  6. To install SR Linux, execute the following command:

    onie-nos-install <bin>

    ONIE:/ # onie-nos-install /root/srlinux-20.6.1-21398.bin
discover: installed mode detected.
Stopping: discover... done.
ONIE: Executing installer: /root/srlinux-20.6.1-21398.bin
/dev/console
Verifying archive integrity... 100%   MD5 checksums are OK. All good.
Uncompressing srlinux-20.6.1-21398  100%
Files used: srlinux-20.6.1-21398.squashfs, initramfs-4.18.39-2.x86_64-02.img, vmlinuz-4.19.39-2.x86_64
Found ONIE-BOOT on /dev/sda2
Will use /dev/sda as install dev
Parts used: old_part_start[4], efi_part[4], nos_part[5], etc_part[6], opt_part[7], data_part[8]
Remove existing partitions from /dev/sda
/dev/sda4 is not mounted
Warning: The kernel is still using the old partition table.
The new table will be used at the next reboot.
The operation has completed successfully.
  7. After the image is installed, the 7220 IXR-D, 7220 IXR-DL, or 7220 IXR-H reboots with the SR Linux image: 
             Starting Wait for Plymouth Boot Screen to Quit...
         Starting Terminate Plymouth Boot Screen...
[  OK  ] Started Login Service.

SRLINUX 20.6.1-21398
Kernel 4.19.39-2.x86_64 on an x86_64

Localhost login: linuxadmin
Password: 2020:06:21 19:52:54:54 | EVENT | Starting ZTP process

[linuxadmin@localhost ~}$ system2020:06:21 19:52:58:64 | EVENT | Set link mgmt0 up
ctl disable z2020:06:21 19:53:03:82 | EVENT | ZTP Perform DHCP_V4. attempt[1]
t2020:06:21 19:53:04:14 | EVENT | Received dhcp lease on mgmt0 for 135.227.251.182/21
2020:06:21 19:53:04:23 | EVENT | option 66 provided by dhcp: http://135.277.248.118
2020:06:21 19:53:04:23 | EVENT | option 67 provided by dhcp: duts/SD-RD2-126/ztp-config.yml
  8. Enter the login credentials:
    • username: linuxadmin
    • password: NokiaSrl1!
  9. Disable the ZTP autoboot using the following command:
    ztp service stop --autoboot disable 
    $ ztp service stop --autoboot disable
Warning: This command to be used under guidance of Nokia Technical Support only. Unsupported usage can trigger instability of network
+--------+-----------------+
| key    | value           |
+--------+-----------------+
| status | Service stopped |
+--------+-----------------+
[linuxadmin@localhost ~]$
  10. After a reboot, SR Linux service is started automatically.
  11. If the ZTP server is set up, the mgmt0 IP address is automatically configured by the DHCP server since configuration for that is enabled by default. 
    # info interface mgmt0
    interface mgmt0 {
        admin-state enable
        subinterface 0 {
            admin-state enable
            ipv4 {
                admin-state enable
                dhcp-client {
                }
            }
            ipv6 {
                admin-state enable
                dhcp-client {
                }
            }
        }
    }
    Note: To manually configure the mgmt0 IP via CLI, you can add an IP address for it after deleting the dhcp-client (highlighted in bold) under the subinterfaces (interface.subinterface.ipv4 and interface.subinterface.ipv6). Default route can be added using static route, see Configuring static routes.

Installing an ONIE image

Installing an ONIE image on a 7220 IXR-D, 7220 IXR-DL, or 7220 IXR-H system requires a working Linux system and a USB device. Installation also requires the ONIE boot loader install environment.

WARNING: Installing the ONIE from the USB wipes out all SSD partitions.
  1. Request the ONIE recovery .iso image for the respective 7220 IXR-D, 7220 IXR-DL, or 7220 IXR-H system from OLCS.
  2. Copy the ONIE recovery .iso image file to a USB using the following command:
    dd if=<machine>.iso of=/dev/sdX bs=10M

    where machine = the image name for the device and sdX = the USB device name.

  3. After the ONIE recovery .iso image is copied, unmount the USB device and remove it from the Linux machine.
  4. Insert the USB into the 7220 IXR-D, 7220 IXR-DL, or 7220 IXR-H system and power the system on.
  5. When the setup message comes up, press either the DEL or ESC key to enter the BIOS interface: 
    Version 2.19.1266. Copyright (C) 2019 American Megatrends. Inc.
BIOS Date: 11/01/2019 15:48:23 Ver: OACHI037 Minor_Ver: V1.03
Press <DEL> or <ESC> to enter setup.
Entering Setup...
  6. In the BIOS prompt, select Boot Device as USB, then Save & Exit.
  7. Install the ONIE from the USB. Select ONIE: Embed ONIE in the GNU Grub screen.
  8. After the ONIE installation is complete, remove the USB to boot the ONIE from the SSD.
  9. After the device boots the ONIE from the SSD, select ONIE: Install OS in the GNU Grub screen.
  10. Verify the platform, version, and build date of the installed ONIE image: 
    GRUB loading.
Welcome to GRUB!

Platform  : x86_64-nokia_ixr7220_d3-r0
Version   : 2019.02-onie_version-v1.5
Build Date: 2020-02-13T15:05+08:00

telnet>
  11. The device boots and enters the ONIE:/ # prompt.

    The ONIE service discovery automatically gets a device IP address from a ZTP server, and the SR Linux image is downloaded.

    Note: If you do not host the SR Linux images from a ZTP server, you must perform a manual bootstrap procedure to complete the installation. See the Image upgrade from ONIE prompt procedure to continue.
  12. After the SR Linux software installation completes, the 7220 IXR-D, 7220 IXR-DL, or 7220 IXR-H reboots with the updated SR Linux image. The SR Linux services and applications are automatically started.